Home
Newer & updated contents
Non-daily weblog

Exchange | Board

Files for download
Workshop tutorials
W3 | Directory & Wiki

Artwork : AI created

Setup & config options

Raspberry Pi first usage
Suitable power supply
RasPi & sFTP file transfer
Home network print server
Home network scan server
Mesh : home Lan USB drive
Explore hard & software
UFW firewall explained
Secured by fail2ban server
Software packaging & PPA

Apache 2.4+ LAMP server

http web server : port 80
https web server : port 443
Varnish caching proxy
Module : cgi & perl
Module : geoip
Modules : php & mysql
http*s error handling
Server : conditional logging
TL-domain & dynamic DNS
Webalizer log analyser
Defeat referrer spam
robots.txt & xml sitemaps
Server : .htaccess handling

The game & not the islands
 Setup & config options

About Windward

Improve your Firefox

Weather widget

Lat. 52.27, Long. 8.01

Meteorological service

North Atlantic : Macaronésia

Nine Azorean islands
Madeiran archipelago
POI on Madeira island
Streaming media

Off-topic media

Contact details
Privacy policy & terms
Host traffic elicitation

🚫  No ads & tracking

apache  azores  cinematique  fail2ban  firefox web browser  foss  dosboot  linux  madeira  media  portugal  raspberry pi  spam  xml sitemap  ubuntu budgie  ufw  varnish cache  weather widget  webalizer analyser  windward 

The prologue

Most of the articles, descriptions and instructions written here are applicable to the most common Debian-based Linux derivatives. Depending on the respective operating system, there may be minor or major discrepancies.
This website is for educational purposes only. Please do not deploy anything in manufacturing plants.
No warranty or compensation is given for loss of data or hardware.

It should be also mentioned that this modest web server is hosted on a Raspberry Pi type 4B at home.

The Raspberry Pi mini-computer board as multi-purpose server deployed
A competent allrounder for domestic purposes and micro-enterprises

 

Raspberry Pi is a series of small single-board computers (SBCs) developed in the United Kingdom by the Raspberry Pi Foundation in association with Broadcom. The mini-computer with its armv7l processor has quickly become the favourite of hobbyists. Projects can be started with suitable Linux distributions. Even an aged RasPi e.g. the models 2B and 2B+ can definitely serve to simple tasks quite well.

Apache web server v2.4+ »ErrorDocument« handling

Troubleshooting | Custom »ErrorDocument«

apache.org writes : Although the Apache http Server provides generic error responses in the event of 4xx or 5xx http status codes, these responses are rather stark, uninformative, and can be intimidating to site users. You may wish to provide custom error responses which are either friendlier, or in some language other than English, or perhaps which are styled more in line with your site layout.

Assuming the Apache web server service on a Raspberry Pi with Apache v2.4+ is properly installed and configured for the first - ? - time.

A /.htaccess file is not placed in the document /root folder /var/www/html/.

The custom composed »ErrorDocument 403« or »ErrorDocument 404« to /path_to/404.html and /or /path_to/403.html do not show up ?

❶ For the solution without using a general /.htaccess file.

Launch »PuTTy« or an other favourite similar terminal SSH-client to log-in to your RasPi and type :

user@raspberry:~ $ sudo su
root@raspberry:~# nano /etc/apache2/apache2.conf

          <Directory />
          ...
          AllowOverride None
          ...
          </Directory>
          

Alter and put additional code like below.

          <Directory />
          ...
          AllowOverride FileInfo
          ...
          ErrorDocument 403 /path_to/403.html
          ErrorDocument 404 /path_to/404.html
          ...
          </Directory>
          

Skip the /path_to if the document(s) is(are) in /root placed.

Save Crtl O the file apache2.conf and close Crtl X the nano editor.

A restart is needed :

root@raspberry:~# systemctl restart apache2

❷ For the solution with using a generally accepted /.htaccess file correctly in /root placed.

This article describes the most comfortable and comprehensive way.

Read the next chapter : //dosboot.org/contents/setup-apache2-server-htaccess.html.

03-Jul 2017
Updated 10-Feb 2021

Custom 403 error message easily made

A good idea has to let the visitor knowing what occured exactly.

Not every HTML-tag is permitted like the CSS style tags. HTML5 code rules out totally.

Watch out the quotation marks with "<html> and </html>".

root@raspberry:# nano /var/www/html/.htaccess

REMOVE ALL LINE BREAKS or you will get the »500 Internal Server Error«.

        ErrorDocument 403 "<html>
        <head>
        <title>403 Access Forbidden</title>
        </head>
        <body>
        <br><hr><h2>403 Access Forbidden</h2>
        <p>You don't have permission to access this resource.</p>
        <p>There are at least seven possible reasons :</p>
        <p>
        <ul>
        <li>Are you using an outdated web browser? <br>Upgrade your 
        web browser to the most recent version to improve the surf experience.</li>
        <br><li>A blank User-Agent string.</li>
        <li>Index file browsing is forbidden.</li>
        <li>A firewall denies the permission.</li>
        <li>The server's geotargeting feature does not allow any access.</li>
        <li>You are not a human being, you are an unwished web-robot.</li>
        <li>You come from a remote host rejected by the server configuration.</li>
        </ul>
        </p><br>
        <p>Example.Com apologizes for any inconvenience.
        <br>Goodbye and better luck next time :)<br>
        <br>Website administrator and domain owner</p>
        <hr>
        </body>
        </html>"
        

08-Feb 2021